Friction shock-absorbing mechanism



Feb. 2 1926. 1,571,898

5. B. HASELTINE FRICTION SHOCK ABSORB ING MECHANISM Filed Feb. 8, 1925 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 I l7// h Patented Feb. 2, 1926.

UNITED STATES STACY B. HASELTINE, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR, BY MESNE ASSIGNMENTS, TO

' I W. H. MINER, INC., A CORPORATION OF DELAWARE.

FRICTION SHOCK-ABSORBING MECHANISM.

Application filed February 8, 1923. Serial No. 617,678.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, S ACY B. HASELTINE, a citizen of the United States, residing at Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Friction Shock-Absorbing Mechanisms, of which the following is a full, clear, concise, and exact description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification.

This invention relates to improvements in friction shock absorbing mechanisms.

A general object of the invention is to provide a friction shock absorbing mecha nism, especially adapted for railway draft riggings, wherein are obtained high capacity and easy release with the employment of relatively few friction elements, each of economical and rugged construction.

Another object of the invention is to provide a friction mechanism of the character indicated, wherein the high capacity is ob tained by means of a series of friction elements having a keen wedging angle effect during compression, said elements being so formed and related that, in release, the effect of a relatively blunt angle is obtained.

A more specific object of the invention is to provide, in a mechanism of the character indicated, a friction unit consisting of a plurality of elements, each having inclined face engagement with the remaining elements of the unit, the unit being so designed that the element to which the actuating force is applied initially, tends to spread or expand the unit transverse to the line of the applied force, this tendency, however, being overcome or overbalanced by a creative force acting transversely and operative toexpand or spread the unit longitudinally, or in the direction of the applied forces, to the end of creating high frictional resistance between the unit and cooperating confining member.

Other objects of the invention will more clearly appear from the description and claims hereinafter following.

In the drawings forming a part of this specification, Figure l is a horizontal longitudinal sectional view of a portion of a rail way draft rigging showing my improvements in connection therewith. Figure 2 is a front end elevation of the shock absorbabsorb-ing mechanism proper by a hooded I cast yoke 14 within which said mechanism is disposed and also a front follower 15. The yoke and parts therewithin are sup ported in operative position by a detachable saddle plate 16. g

The improved shock absorbing mechanism proper, as shown, comprises, broadly, a combined friction shell and spring cage casting A; twin arranged springs BB; a spring follower C a pressurereceiving wedge ele- I ment D; and two friction-shoes E and F.

The casting A, as shown, is formed with top and bottom walls 1717, side walls 1818 and rear wall 19, all integrally formed. The side walls 18 are made'relatively short so as to leavethe major portion of the sides of the casting A open to admit of the insertion and removal of certain of the parts. The inner faces of the side walls 18 are recessed as indicated at 20 to thereby detachably accommodate heavy wear resisting plates or liners 21 and 22. The liner 21 is formed on its inner face with a longitudinally extending friction surface 23 which extends parallel to the center line of draft. The other liner 22 is formed on its inner face with an opposing friction surface 2% which is inclined at a relatively acute angle with respect to the center line of the block having a front or outer flat bearing surface 25 which bears against the inner face of the follower 15. Said element D is also provided with a wedge face 26 extending at a relatively acute angle with respect to the axis of the mechanism. The

element l) is also provided on the side opposite to the wedge tare .26 with another inclined tace 2 e\te1nliue at a relatively blunt angle with respect to the axis oi the mechanism. (in its top and. bottom faces. at its inner end, the element l) is provided with lugs 25.9%; which are adapted to t() ope ate with opposed oppositely entetn'liin; lne's or shoulders 2$l2f) torined on the in-- ner laces of the top and bottom walls ii" to limit the outward inorentent ot the element 1) with respect to the *astine' 1t and there by maintain the overall length of the mechanisnt.

The wedge friction-shoe clement l3. also piel'erably in the 'lorni ot a cored 'astin r, is provided on its outer side with a tiat it" tion surface fill estentlinn' at the same at as and cooper-able with the shell tric ioi face ill. On its inner side. that is. the sii nearest the axis oi the nniclninisni. the el lnent if is formed with a lateral enlargrennint on the front side ot which provided an inclined Face 31 eoope able with the inclined face 27 of the wedge element l). tin 21h rear side of said enlargement another 32 is provided. said races ill. and 32' inaltin I the same angle with the center line ot the mechanism, but extending in opoosite directions, thereby 1 )1'ese1'itin; 1' a wedge operable laterally ot the shell.

The wed 'e-lrietionsltoe element l also preferably in the form ot a cored wasting. formed on its outer side will a longitudinally extending tlat friction sur'i'aee l -3 parallel to the center line at the n'nechanistn and cooperable with the rorrespoiti ing: shel "friction snrtace. :23. The element it .i is also provided with an inclined wedge tare 21 t extending, at the same angle as and coop ble with the wedge iace 2t disposed at one side of the center line oi. the niechanien't and with an additional inclined lace 35 on the other side of the center line (it the mechanism, said tare 35 extending at the same augrle as and toopc able with the taco 32 ot the element i On its inner end. the element l provided with a traiajwersely extending tlat 't'ace 3t) bearing on the front side ot' the spring follower The latter interposed between the element l3: and the twin ar 'angt'ed sprine s ll and it will be seen that the Follower t is normally separated from the inner ends ot the liners 2i and 2'2. and walls 18 ot the trietion shell.

The operation is as follows. assuming an inward or bullion inovetnent oi the draw bar. As pressure is applied to the eleinent D. the initial tendency is for the latter to slip or more inwardlv of the shell with respect to the keen ann'le shoe E on the two coope 'ttl'li'm wedge faces 26 and Ill. it. being evident that this tendency is in a manner to spread the triction unit consisting it the th ee elen'ients. laterally. As the three elements cooperating unit more inwardly ol the shell, the li travels along: the inclined shell surill, thereby inducing av lateral inward noreinent ot said. element F with respect to the. two remaining elements I) and E. This late 'al inoreinent of the element F, prod :1 es a separating wedge action between the two clen'zents l) and E, thereby slightly elongating the unit in the direction oi the applied torce and creating a. Very higl'h resistance between the unit and the shell. it of coarse. being understood that yielding resistance is allot-(led the entire unit by the springs llli. In this .'oin1ection. it will be observed that the sets of inclined tacos QT and ill. and 3:? and 3-35. on account of their relative blunt ane'nlarity with respect to the center line of the inerlntnisi'n or the line of applied force. will readily acconnnodate the action abore described and will act so1newhat in the manner of safety alves to prevent bursting; ot the shell while the high 'l'rictional resistance is still maintained. tinple cl at fiance is left between the Various eien'tents to provide for the action described. lpon tlltifl'illilntitllt0 ot the actuating torce,

the pressure weihre element 1.) will readily release itself with respect to the elements F it; if on account oi the relatively blunt 1.;le oil the cooperation faces 27 and 3t and tlso on azconnt ot the obtuse or blunt inlist ed angle between the wedge ilace 3i and nclinetl face 31 of. the two shoes. This osseningr ot the pressure wedge element D wi h c respect: to the shoes, in turn serves to ciit collapse ot the entire unit whi h t then be projected outwardly by the reaction of the springs. The relative taper or conieregence ot the shell friction surfaces also ttcilitates the resto 'ation of the parts to normal position during, the release action, as will he understood by those skilled in the art. ll ear on the cooptn'atinej sets of surtaees will autonnttically be compensated for h a slight gradual outward working of the two shoes IE and l. the ore all length of the i'nechanisin being maintained constant by the wedge element l) in cooperation with the shell. as heretotore explained. and in this connection it will be understood that the s n'ings ii are preferably initially placed under preliminanv compression to allow tor a slight expansion as wear takes place.

From the preceding description. taken in connection with the drawings. it will i e seen that all oi the 'lriction elements are of sii'nple. rinre ed and, ecoi'ioinical design. By varying the angle ot the different sets 0% iooperatinef inclined t'aees. the desired amount ot capacity may be obtained and release always insured.

tlthouo'h l have herein shown and described what I now consider the preferred inanner o'l carryinn' out; the inventiol'i. the saute is by way of illustration only, as I am iii) aware that many changes and modifications may be made without departing from the scope of the following claims.

I claim:

1. In a friction shock absorbing mechanism, the combination with a friction shell having interior opposed friction surfaces relatively converged inwardly of the shell; of a spring resistance; and a friction unit within and cooperable with said shell, said unit comprising a plurality of elements each having engagement with the remaining elements of the unit on faces inclined to the line ofthe actuating force, the element initially receiving the actuating force tending to expand the unit transverse to the line of the actuating force, and one of the remaining elements operating to overbalanee said tendency and expanding the unit in the direction of the applied force during a'compression stroke.

2. In a friction shock absorbing mecha nism, the combination with a main follower; of a friction shell having interior opposed friction surfaces extending in the general direction of the actuating force; aspring resistance; and a friction unit within and cooperable with said shell, said unit comprising, a pressure-receiving wedge element engaging the main follower, and two frictionshoes with each of which said wedge element has engagement on faces inclined to the line of the applied force, said shoes having also engagement with each other on faces inclined to the line of the applied force.

3. In a friction shock absorbing mecha-' nism, the combination with a friction shell having interior opposed friction surfaces extending in the general direction of the actuating force; of a spring resistance; pressure-transmitting member and a friction unit within and cooperable with said shell, said unit comprising, a pressure-receiving wedge element and two friction shoes, said wedge element and pressure-transmitting member having coacting flat faces disposed transversely of the mechanism, and said wedge element and one shoe having engaging faces extending at a relatively acute angle with respect to the line of the applied force, said wedge element and the other shoe having engaging faces extending at a relatively blunt angle with respect to the line of the applied force and said two shoes having engaging faces extending at a relatively blunt angle with respect to the line of the applied force.

4:. In a friction shock absorbing mecha* nism, the combination with a friction shell having interior opposed friction surfaces extending in the general direction of the actuating force; of a spring resistance; a pressure-transmitting member; and a trio tion unit within and cooperable with said shell, said unit comprising, a pressurereceiving wedge element, and a plurality of friction-shoes cooperable with the shell friction surfaces, said pressure-receiving ele-' ment and pressure-transmitting member having cooperating flat faces, and one shoe having a face extending inwardly of the shell at a relatively acute angle with respect to the axis thereof, another shoe having a face inclined inwardly of the shell at a relatively blunt angle with respect to the axis thereof, said wedge element having corresponding cooperating faces engaging said shoe faces, said shoe having said blunt angled face having also an additional face inclined in the opposite direction and cooper able with a corresponding face on another friction-shoe.

5. In a friction shock absorber mechanism, the combination with a friction shell having interior opposed friction surfaces extending in the general direction of the actuating force; of a spring resistance; a main follower; and a friction unit within and cooperable with said shell, said unit comprising, a friction-shoe having an outer friction surface cooperable with a shell surface and provided on its inner side with a laterally extending wedge section; an opposed friction-shoe having a lateral extension toward the first-named friction shoe, said lateral extension having an inclined face cooperable with one of the faces of said wedge section of the first named shoe; and a presssure-receiving wedge element actuated by said main follower and movable bodily therewith longitudinally of the mechanism, said element having relatively inwardly converged faces cooperable with corresponding faces on said friction-shoes.

6. In a friction shock absorbing mechanism, the combination with a friction shell having opposed interior friction surfaces, one of which extends parallel to the center line of the mechanism and the other at a relatively acute angle with respect to said center line; of a spring resistance; and a friction unit within and cooperating with the shell friction surfaces, said unit comprising, a pressure receiving wedge element and opposing friction-shoes, said wedge element and the shoe operating on said inclined surface of the shell having engaging faces extending at a blunt angle with respect to the axis of the shell. said pressure-receiving element and opposed shoe having engaging faces extending at a keen angle with respect to the axis of the shell.

7. In a friction shock absorbing mechanism, the combination with a fiction shell having. opposed interior friction surfaces, one of which extends parallel to the center line of the mechanism and the other at a relatively acute angle with respect to said center line; of a spring resistance; and a friction unit within and cooperating with the shell friction surfaces, said unit comprising, a pressure-receii'iug wedge element and opposing 'lrictimrshoes, said wedge element and the shoe operating on said inclined surface of the shell having engaging faces extending at a blunt angle with respect to the :x of th 1hell said pressurc-receiving clcineti and opposed shoe having engaging faces extending at a keen angle with respect to the axis of the shclh said two shoes ha ring also enga 'ng faces inclined with the axis of the shell at the same angle as the inclination of the cooperating faces of the pressure element and the tirst named shoe, but in the opposite direction.

8. in a friction shock absorbing mechanism, the combination with a friction shell having opposed interior fricti n surfaces, one of which extends parallel to the center line of the mechanism and the other at a relatively acute angle with respect to said center line: of a spring resistance: and a friction unit within and coo wrating with the shell friction surfaces, said unit con'iprising, a pressure-receiving wedge element and opposing friction shoes, said wedge element and one shoe having engaging faces extending at a blunt angle with respect to the axis of the shell, said pressure I'CCQl'Vil] g element and opposed shoe having engaging faces extending at a keen angle with respect to the axis of the shell.

9. In a friction shock absorbing inechanisnl, the combination with a friction shell having interior opposed friction surfaces extending in the general direction of the actuating force; of a main follower; a spring resistance; and a friction unit within and cooperable with said shell, said unit comprising, a pressure-receiving wedge element and two friction shoes, said wedge element having a transverse face hearing on said tollowen said element and one shoe having engaging faces extending ata relatively acute angle with respect to the line of the applied force, said wedge element and the other shoe having engaging faces extending at a relatively blunt angle with respect to the line of the applied force and said two shoes having engaging faces extending at an angle with respect to the line of the applied force.

In witness that I claim the foregoing I have hereunto subscribed my name this 3rd day of February, 1923.

STACY l5. HASELTINE. 

